Brazil

The Federative Republic of Brazil is located in the continent of South America, and occupies half of its land area, as it is the fifth largest country in the world. On the eastern side of the continent, with a coastline of 4,500 miles (7,400 km) along the Atlantic Ocean, it is noteworthy that Brazil is the only Latin American country that derives its culture and civilization from the civilization of Portugal. The rule is a hereditary monarchy, then it was transformed into a republican system in 1889 AD, after the establishment of the republican military coup in the country. The flag of Brazil consists of a green rectangle with a yellow rhombus in the middle with a blue circle containing a white stripe with the words “Order and Progress” in green, in addition to twenty-seven white stars inside the circle, symbolizing the 26 Brazilian states and the Federal District. It was adopted as the national flag of the country in 1889.

 History of Brazil

 The Indians are the first to inhabit Brazil more than ten thousand years ago, and then settled on the coast and the edges of the rivers in the form of primitive tribes that do not have any historical records until the arrival of the Portuguese in 1500 AD through a naval fleet led by Pedro Alvarez Cabral, and the first permanent Portuguese settlement was established in the province of São Vicente (São Vicente) in 1532 AD, and the city of Salvador was taken as the first capital of the Portuguese in 1549 AD, and it was the main port for the sugar cane trade. Eastern, which made it an important part of the country's economy.

 Brazil was subjected to French colonialism, which settled in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in addition to the settlement of the Dutch in the northeastern part of Brazil, and then large numbers of European immigrants flocked after the discovery of gold in it, where they called it (Minas Gerais), meaning the center of gold mining. Brazil was famous at the time for producing half the amount of coffee distributed in the world, then diamond deposits were discovered in the Diamantina region, which is currently a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 1967 AD, and it is worth noting that the Amazon region has transformed from small villages into an integrated global center for biodiversity.

 Brazil label

 The name Brazil goes back to a type of wood called Brazilwood, which is characterized as heavy wood from which a red dye called Brazilin is extracted, after its old name was abbreviated from the Portuguese language (Terra do Brasil), which means the land of Brazil when it was discovered. At that time, the trees of Brazil were widely spread, and upon the arrival of the Portuguese, they realized the importance of this wood and its high quality, and it was exploited and began to be manufactured and converted into furniture, musical instruments and sold in European markets, as this led to its scarcity after a period in the eighteenth century and the collapse of the economy at that time. And its inclusion under the list of endangered plants by the World Conservation Union, which forced the Brazilian government to take all measures to restore and replant this type of tree.

 The capital of Brazil

 The city of Brasilia was chosen as the official capital of the Republic of Brazil in 1960, and that decision came in a desire to move the capital from the city of Rio de Janeiro, the former capital of Brazil, to a more central place, and given the increasing population growth in the inner cities - areas far from the Atlantic coast - Despite its small size and recent existence, its economic growth increased, for example, the population moved to the city of Goiás, of which Brasilia is part of its federal region.

 Tourism in Brazil

 Brazil is one of the world's most attractive countries for tourists, as it is characterized by its diverse and unique nature, and the presence of the largest number of plant and animal species in the world in it, in addition to the presence of attractions witnessing the periods and ancient times that passed on its land, and the presence of picturesque nature; Like white sandy beaches, rainforests, wild capitals, and tropical islands filled with coral reefs.