Malaysia is located in the southeast of the continent of Asia, and its capital is Kuala Lumpur, and the city of Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. The total area of Malaysia is about three hundred and twenty-nine thousand eight hundred and forty-five square kilometers. The main cities in Malaysia are: Subang Jaya, Johor Baru, Klang, Ipoh and Kota Shah Flag and Kota Baru, and below is an invitation to learn more about Malaysia...
Malaysia has an area of about 330,000 square kilometers and the country of Malaysia occupies the sixty-sixth place in the world in terms of area, and shares with Thailand the tip of a peninsula and controls a number of small islands between Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo.
It also has land borders with Thailand (on the peninsula), as well as Indonesia and Brunei (on Borneo). It also has maritime borders with Vietnam and the Philippines, and is separated from Singapore by the salt water road. The highest point in Malaysia is Mount Kinabalu, with a height of 4,095 meters.
Malaysia enjoys a seasonal tropical climate, with an average temperature of 27 degrees Celsius throughout the year, and it has two rainy seasons, the first between November and March with heavy rain. The second is between May and September with light rain. Although the humidity in the highlands and coasts is lower than that in the interior lowlands, the humidity is very high across the country, and according to the Malaysian government, the highest temperature ever recorded was 40.1°C.
Humans lived in the area that is called Malaysia today for at least forty or fifty thousand years, but today the indigenous people in it are called “Negritos” by Europeans, and a number of people from southern China and Cambodia immigrated to Malaysia later, who brought with them techniques to Malaysia Such as agriculture and minerals.
Indian merchants began bringing aspects of their culture to the early kingdoms of Peninsular Malaysia by the third century BC, while Chinese merchants appeared two hundred years later, and by the fourth century AD many Malaysians practiced Hinduism or Buddhism. Before 600 AD, Malaysia was under the control of dozens of small local kingdoms. And in 671, much of the region was incorporated under the Srivijaya Empire, which is now Indonesia.
Srivijaya was a maritime empire that controlled two major Indian Ocean trade routes, Malacca and the Sunda Strait, and as a result all goods passing between China, India, Arabia and other parts of the world must first pass through Srivijaya. By 1100 Srivijaya had controlled parts of the Philippines, and all of it had fallen to invaders in 1288.
In 1402, Parameswara, a scion of the royal family Srivijaya, founded a new city in Malacca. The Malacca Sultanate became the first powerful state in modern Malaysia. Parameswara soon converted from Hinduism to Islam and changed his name to Sultan Iskandar Shah, and Iskandar Shah went to Beijing. With Zheng, he was recognized as the legitimate ruler of the region.
The Portuguese captured Malacca in 1511, but the local rulers fled to the south and established a new capital at the Johor Lama. In 1641, the Dutch East India Company (VOC) allied itself with the Sultanate of Johor, and together they led the Portuguese out of Malacca. The Dutch company wanted to travel from that city to its own ports in Java. The Dutch left their allies in Johor to control the state.
The United Kingdom and other European countries took an interest in Malaysia's treasures, and recognized the potential value of Malaysia, which produces gold, pepper, and also tin necessary for Britain to make tea boxes for Chinese tea exports. The sultans of Malaysia welcomed the British interest, hoping to prevent Siamese expansion on the peninsula. In 1824, the Anglo-Dutch Treaty granted the British East India Company exclusive economic control of Malaysia.
During the early twentieth century, Britain exploited Malaysia's economy and allowed the sultans of individual regions some political independence, but Britain exited from it after the Japanese invasion in February 1942. Japan attempted to cleanse Malaysia of ethnic Chinese while promoting Malaysian nationalism.
At the end of the war, Britain returned to Malaysia, but the local leaders wanted independence. They formed the Federation of Malaysia under British protection in 1948, but the pro-independence guerrilla movement began until the last maritime independence in 1957.
The government of Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy, and the king is the head of state and bears the title of Yang di-Pertuan Agung (or the supreme king of Malaysia). The position of the king rotates among the rulers of the nine states, each of whom remains in office for five years.. The head of government is the Prime Minister, Najib Tun Razak. at present. In Malaysia there is a bicameral parliament, a Senate with 70 members, and a House of Representatives with 222 members, the members of the Senate are elected by the state legislatures or appointed by the King; The members of the House of Representatives are elected directly by the people.
Malaysia has more than 30 million citizens, most of whom are Muslims who are of Malay origin, with a percentage of 50.1%, and Indians make up 10% of the population and are called "earthsmen", while the Chinese make up 22.6 percent of the population of Malaysia, although Of all these religious differences, Malaysia is a model of ethnic coexistence.
There are many languages in Malaysia. Malaysian citizens speak about 140 additional languages. English was the official language in colonial days, and is still commonly used, although it is not an official language now, and Malaysians are of Chinese descent and came from different regions in China They do not speak Mandarin or Cantonese, but rather speak Hokkien, Hakka, Fuchu and other dialects. Most Malaysians of Indian origin speak Tamil. In eastern Malaysia, people speak more than 100 local languages, including Iban and Kadazan. In general, the official language in Malaysia is Bahasa Malaysia.
Malaysia was one of the Asian tigers before the collapse of 1997, but it has now recovered and is ranked 28th in the world in per capita GDP. Over the past 40 years, the Malaysian economy has shifted from a dependence on the export of raw materials to a mixed economy, although It still depends to some extent on income from oil sales.
The population works in agriculture at 9%, 35% in industry, and 56% in the service sector. The unemployment rate in 2015 improved by 2.7%, and only 3.8% of Malaysians live below the poverty line.
Malaysia exports electronics, petroleum products, rubber, textiles and chemicals, and imports machinery, vehicles, etc. It is worth noting that Malaysia's currency is the ringgit, and as of 2016 1 ringgit = 0.24 US dollars.
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